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In music theory, a scale degree is the name given to a particular note of a scale〔Kolb, Tom (2005). ''Music Theory for Guitarists'', p.16. ISBN 0-634-06651-X.〕 to specify its position relative to the tonic (the main note of the scale). The tonic is considered to be the first degree of the scale, from which each octave is assumed to begin. Any musical scale may be thought to have degrees. However, the notion of scale degree is most commonly applied to scales in which a tonic is specified by definition, such as the 7-tone diatonic scales (e.g. the C-major scale C–D–E–F–G–A–B, in which C is the tonic). As for the 12-tone chromatic scale, the selection of a first degree is possible in theory, but arbitrary and not meaningful, because typically all the notes of a chromatic scale have the same importance. The expression scale step is sometimes used as a synonym of scale degree, but it may also refer, perhaps more properly and less ambiguously, to the distance, or interval, between two successive scale degrees (see Steps and skips). Indeed, the terms whole step and half step are commonly used as interval names. The number of scale degrees and the distance between them together define a scale. ==Major and minor scales== The degrees of the traditional major and minor scales may be identified several ways: * the first, second, (major or minor) third, fourth, fifth, major or minor sixth, and major or minor seventh degrees of the scale; * by Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, 4 ...), sometimes with carets above them (); * by Roman numerals (I, II, III, IV ...); * the diatonic mode which starts on the degree, and contains all the notes in the key * in English, by the names and function: tonic, supertonic, mediant, subdominant, dominant, submediant, leading note (leading tone in the United States) and tonic again. : These names are derived from a scheme where the tonic note is the 'center'. Supertonic and subtonic are, respectively, one step above and one step below the tonic; mediant and submediant are each a third above and below the tonic, and dominant and subdominant are a fifth above and below the tonic. :''Subtonic'' is used when the interval between it and the tonic in the upper octave is a whole step; ''leading note'' when that interval is a half-step. * in English, by the ''"moveable Do" Solfege'' system, which allows a person to name each scale degree with a single syllable while singing. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Degree (music)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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